20 Best Cities to Visit in Japan: the Most Beautiful & Unique
Are you planning a trip to the Land of the Rising Sun and looking for the best cities to visit in Japan?
Whether you're seeking to immerse yourself in vibrant culture, explore historical landmarks, or simply enjoy breathtaking landscapes, Japan offers a diverse array of destinations.
In this blog post, we will guide you through the 20 best cities to visit in Japan, highlighting the most beautiful ones that should top your travel itinerary.
From the bustling streets of Tokyo to the tranquil gardens of Kanazawa, discover the perfect blend of modernity, tradition, and natural beauty that makes these cities truly unique.
1. Tokyo
As the capital of Japan, Tokyo is undoubtedly at the top of the list of the best cities to visit in Japan. This bustling metropolis offers an extraordinary blend of ultra-modern skyscrapers, exclusive fashion boutiques, and vibrant food scenes juxtaposed with serene temples, historic shrines, and peaceful gardens.
Why You Should Visit:
Tokyo is a city of contrasts, perfect for travelers eager to experience cutting-edge technology and fashion alongside deeply rooted cultural traditions. From the neon-lit streets of Shibuya to the tranquil Meiji Shrine nestled in a lush forested area, Tokyo encapsulates a unique blend that appeals to every type of traveler.
Best Places to Visit:
Shibuya Crossing: Experience the iconic scramble crossing, renowned as one of the busiest in the world.
Asakusa: Home to the famous Senso-ji Temple, it's a great place to explore Tokyo's historical side.
Tokyo Skytree: Offering panoramic views of the city, it’s a must-visit for any first-time traveler.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Tokyo is versatile, offering enchanting experiences for families with theme parks like Disneyland and educational museums, while couples can enjoy romantic dinner cruises along the Sumida River or stroll through the fashionable districts of Harajuku and Ginza.
Travel Tips:
Stay Connected: Rent a pocket WiFi to stay connected; Tokyo's size and complexity make it essential.
Transportation: Invest in a PASMO or SUICA card for convenient travel across various transportation modes.
Accommodation: Book accommodations near major train stations to save on travel time.
Historical Insights:
Tokyo has been Japan’s capital since 1868, during the Meiji Restoration when the emperor decided to move the capital from Kyoto to promote modernization. The city has since evolved from a small fishing village named Edo into one of the world's most populous and technologically advanced metropolises.
2. Kyoto
Kyoto, once the capital of Japan, is one of the most beautiful cities in Japan. It is a city that embodies the spirit of traditional Japanese culture with its well-preserved temples, traditional wooden houses, and classical art forms. It stands as a stark contrast to the futuristic ambiance of Tokyo and is a testament to Japan's rich history and preservation of heritage.
Why You Should Visit:
This unique city is the spiritual heart of Japan, making it an essential visit for anyone wanting to dive deep into the country’s traditional customs and aesthetics. It's a city where one can witness geishas in colorful kimonos walking down the alleys of Gion and participate in time-honored tea ceremonies.
Best Places to Visit:
Fushimi Inari Shrine: Famous for its thousands of vermilion torii gates, which create a mesmerizing pathway up the mountain.
Kinkaku-ji: The Golden Pavilion, a Zen temple whose top two floors are completely covered in gold leaf.
Arashiyama Bamboo Grove: An ethereal forest of tall bamboo, perfect for a scenic walk.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Kyoto appeals more to those who appreciate a quieter, more reflective experience. It’s ideal for couples seeking a romantic backdrop and cultural depth. Families, especially those with an interest in history and culture, will find Kyoto engaging and educational.
Travel Tips:
Best Time to Visit: Plan your visit in the spring (cherry blossom season) or fall (autumn foliage) for the most picturesque scenery.
Cultural Etiquette: Be respectful of local customs, particularly when visiting temples.
Local Cuisine: Try kaiseki, a traditional multi-course Japanese dinner that beautifully presents seasonal and local ingredients.
Historical Insights:
Kyoto was Japan’s imperial capital for over a thousand years, from 794 to 1868. This long history is reflected in the city’s rich tapestry of temples, gardens, and palaces that are collectively recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The city's historical and cultural legacies are preserved with great reverence, making it a living museum of Japan’s grand past.
3. Osakа
Osaka is renowned not just as one of the best cities to visit in Japan but as a vibrant hub of culture, food, and nightlife. This lively city is famous for its down-to-earth atmosphere, outgoing locals, and gastronomic delights, starkly contrasting the more reserved and formal cultural experiences in Tokyo and Kyoto.
Why You Should Visit:
Osaka's lively spirit is best experienced through its culinary scene, from street food vendors to upscale dining experiences. Known as Japan’s kitchen, this city is a paradise for food lovers, offering everything from takoyaki (octopus balls) and okonomiyaki (savory pancakes) to world-class sushi.
Best Places to Visit:
Dotonbori: The heart of Osaka's entertainment district, known for its bright neon lights, bustling atmosphere, and food stalls that line the canal.
Osaka Castle: One of Japan's most famous landmarks, this historic castle offers a glimpse into Japan's feudal past with a modern museum inside.
Universal Studios Japan: A major attraction for families and couples alike, providing entertainment with its variety of shows and rides.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Osaka is a fantastic destination for both families and couples. Families will enjoy the interactive museums and amusement parks, while couples can explore the vibrant nightlife and intimate izakayas (Japanese pubs).
Travel Tips:
Food Tours: Consider joining a guided food tour to experience the best of Osaka's culinary offerings.
Accommodation: Stay in central areas like Namba or Umeda for easy access to major attractions.
Transport: Use the Osaka Amazing Pass for unlimited subway and bus travel, plus entry to many attractions.
Historical Insights:
Osaka has played a pivotal role in Japan's history, particularly during the Azuchi-Momoyama period when it was the center of trade and political power under Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The construction of Osaka Castle marked the city's importance as a fortressed city, pivotal in numerous historical battles.
4. Hiroshima
Hiroshima is globally known for its tragic history during World War II, but today it stands as a symbol of peace and resilience. Visiting Hiroshima offers a moving and educational experience, with its Peace Memorial Park and Museum serving as poignant reminders of the past and messages for the future.
Why You Should Visit:
Hiroshima's Peace Memorial Park and Museum are essential for understanding the impacts of nuclear warfare and the importance of peace. Beyond its historical significance, Hiroshima also offers beautiful gardens, art museums, and its own style of okonomiyaki.
Best Places to Visit:
Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park: Home to the Genbaku Dome, the only structure left standing near the bomb’s hypocenter.
Hiroshima Castle: A reconstruction of the original castle destroyed in the bombing, now offering historical insights.
Shukkeien Garden: A beautiful traditional Japanese garden perfect for a peaceful stroll.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Hiroshima is deeply moving and educational for visitors of all ages. The city’s museums and memorial parks provide a reflective experience for families and couples alike, fostering discussions on history and peace.
Travel Tips:
Visit Miyajima: Take a short ferry ride to Miyajima Island, known for its floating torii gate of Itsukushima Shrine.
Stay Central: For easy access to major sites, consider staying near Hiroshima Station.
Respectful Visiting: When visiting memorial sites, remember to show respect and reverence, as these are places of somber reflection.
Historical Insights:
Hiroshima's history is most marked by August 6, 1945, when it became the first city targeted with a nuclear weapon. Following its devastation, Hiroshima's remarkable recovery has transformed it into an international beacon of peace and reconciliation. The city's commitment to peace advocacy continues to influence global disarmament dialogues.
5. Nara
Nara, less than an hour from Kyoto, offers a unique blend of historical treasures and natural beauty, making it a must-visit on any itinerary exploring the best cities to visit in Japan. As Japan's first permanent capital, it is home to some of the oldest and largest temple complexes in the country.
Why You Should Visit:
Visitors to Nara will step back in time to an era when Buddhism flourished and influenced the culture, architecture, and art of Japan. Nara’s historic sites offer a quieter, more contemplative experience compared to the bustling tourist spots in larger cities.
Best Places to Visit:
Todai-ji Temple: Famous for housing a giant Buddha statue, this temple is a stunning example of ancient Japanese architecture.
Nara Park: Known for its friendly deer roaming freely, this park also contains several temples and museums.
Kasuga-taisha: A beautiful Shinto shrine known for its lantern-lined paths and mystical atmosphere.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Nara is exceptionally family-friendly with its spacious parks and interactive attractions like feeding the Nara deer. However, its serene and romantic landscapes also make it a charming destination for couples.
Travel Tips:
Deer Etiquette: Purchase special crackers to feed the deer but follow local guidelines to interact with them safely.
Wear Comfortable Shoes: Expect a lot of walking as most attractions are spread out across the park.
Accommodation: Consider staying in traditional guesthouses or ryokans in Nara for an authentic experience.
Historical Insights:
Nara was the capital of Japan from 710 to 784, a period known as the Nara period. During this time, significant cultural and political developments occurred, including establishing a centralized government and introducing significant cultural assets from mainland Asia. Many of the temples, shrines, and art forms that originated during this period are preserved in Nara, offering insights into the beginnings of Japan’s cultural heritage.
6. Sapporo
Sapporo, the capital of Hokkaido, is famous for its annual Snow Festival, featuring spectacular ice and snow sculptures. This youthful city, established in the 19th century, is a blend of natural beauty, modernity, and vibrant culture, making it a unique destination among the best cities to visit in Japan.
Why You Should Visit:
One of the most beautiful cities in Japan, Sapporo offers an energetic urban environment surrounded by the natural beauty of mountains and hot springs. It’s a city known for its ramen, beer (home to the famous Sapporo Brewery), and the historic village that showcases Hokkaido’s pioneering past.
Best Places to Visit:
Sapporo Snow Festival: Held in February, this festival transforms the city into a winter wonderland of ice and snow art.
Odori Park: The central park of Sapporo that hosts many of the city’s festivals and is a lovely spot for a stroll or picnic.
Historical Village of Hokkaido: An open-air museum with reconstructed buildings from the Meiji and Taisho periods, offering a glimpse into the region’s history.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Sapporo is great for both families and couples, with its broad range of activities catering to all ages and interests. Families will enjoy the interactive museums and outdoor activities, while couples can indulge in the romantic winter scenery or enjoy a night out in the Susukino district, known for its entertainment and dining options.
Travel Tips:
Dress Warmly: Winters in Sapporo can be extremely cold, so pack appropriate attire to enjoy the outdoor events comfortably.
Try Local Delicacies: Don’t miss out on Sapporo’s famous seafood, ramen, and dairy products.
Transportation: Utilize the efficient subway system to navigate around the city easily.
Historical Insights:
Western architects and advisors largely influenced Sapporo’s development, which explains its orderly street layout and distinctly different architectural styles compared to other Japanese cities. Established as a frontier for development during the Meiji period, Sapporo quickly grew into a vital city for Japan’s northern expansion and has since evolved into a center of culture, education, and economics in Hokkaido.
7. Fukuoka
Fukuoka, a vibrant city on the northern shore of Kyushu, serves as a gateway between Japan and the rest of Asia. Known for its ancient temples, modern shopping malls, and expansive green spaces, Fukuoka strikes an impressive balance between historical charm and contemporary ease, making it a top choice among the best cities to visit in Japan.
Why You Should Visit:
Thanks to its thriving startup scene and academic institutions, Fukuoka is renowned for its youthful energy and innovative spirit. The city's streets buzz with a unique blend of traditional and modern, offering everything from bustling food stalls at local markets to serene, expansive parks.
Best Places to Visit:
Ohori Park: A beautiful park centered around a large pond, perfect for leisurely walks or paddle boating.
Fukuoka Castle Ruins: Offering panoramic views of the city and a glimpse into the region's historical Samurai culture.
Hakata Machiya Folk Museum: Provides insights into the daily lives of the Hakata people in the early 20th century.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Fukuoka is exceptionally family-friendly with attractions like the Fukuoka Science Museum and Uminonakamichi Seaside Park, which features large playgrounds and a zoo. Couples will enjoy the city's vibrant nightlife and romantic seaside dining options.
Travel Tips:
Local Cuisine: Don’t miss out on trying Hakata Ramen, known for its rich pork broth.
Transport Tips: Use the Fukuoka Tourist City Pass for unlimited travel on buses and subway lines.
Shopping: Explore the Canal City Hakata, a large shopping and entertainment complex with a canal running through it.
Historical Insights:
Fukuoka's history is deeply influenced by its proximity to the Asian mainland. Historically known as Hakata, it was an important port city involved in international trade. In the 13th century, it was the site of Mongol invasion attempts, which have become an integral part of local folklore and history.
8. Nagoya
Nagoya, located in the heart of Aichi Prefecture, is a powerhouse of Japan’s automotive industry and a history and culture treasure trove. As the fourth-largest city in Japan, Nagoya blends its historical sites with modern technological advancements, offering a diverse urban experience.
Why You Should Visit:
Nagoya is the birthplace of three notable feudal lords, making it a significant historical center in Japan. It's also a major industrial hub, home to automotive giants like Toyota. The city offers a perfect mix of history, technology, and craftsmanship, from ancient samurai residences to state-of-the-art science museums.
Best Places to Visit:
Nagoya Castle: Famous for its golden shachi (dolphin) ornaments and a museum showcasing the Edo period.
Toyota Techno Museum: This museum details the evolution of Toyota and Japan’s automotive industry and is a must-visit for car enthusiasts.
Atsuta Shrine: One of Japan’s most important Shinto shrines, holding relics of great historical significance.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Nagoya caters well to both families and couples with its varied attractions. Families will appreciate the SCMaglev and Railway Park and the Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens, while couples might enjoy the city’s rich cultural scene and fine dining options in the Sakae district.
Travel Tips:
Travel Pass: Consider purchasing a Nagoya Area Tourist One-Day Pass for unlimited access to public transport.
Explore Local Craft: Visit the Noritake Garden to see fine ceramics and porcelain art.
Stay Central: To maximize your visit, stay in the city center near Nagoya Station for the best access to transportation and attractions.
Historical Insights:
Nagoya's history is marked by its strategic location along important trade routes, contributing to its development as a significant castle town during the Edo period. It was also a major aviation and industrial center during World War II, which led to extensive rebuilding in the post-war era, shaping much of its modern urban landscape.
9. Kanazawa
One of the most beautiful cities in Japan, Kanazawa, located in Ishikawa Prefecture, is often referred to as "Little Kyoto" for its historical preservation, particularly from the Edo period. This city is a cultural gem on Japan's west coast, renowned for its well-preserved samurai and geisha districts, traditional crafts, and beautiful gardens.
Why You Should Visit:
Kanazawa is the perfect destination for those who wish to immerse themselves in Japan’s rich cultural heritage without the crowds of Kyoto. It offers an authentic glimpse into Japan's feudal past, with beautifully preserved districts and a commitment to maintaining traditional crafts like gold leaf production and Kaga yuzen silk dyeing.
Best Places to Visit:
Kenrokuen Garden: One of Japan's "three best landscape gardens," known for its perfect harmony and traditional design.
Higashi Chaya District: A charming area with teahouses where geisha have entertained for centuries.
21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art: A circular glass building housing thought-provoking modern art.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Kanazawa is appealing for both families and couples. Families will enjoy exploring the spacious gardens and engaging with hands-on craft experiences, while couples will appreciate the romantic strolls through historic districts and tea houses.
Travel Tips:
Kanazawa Loop Bus: Use this bus to easily get around the city’s main attractions.
Stay in a Ryokan: For a truly immersive experience, consider staying in a traditional Japanese inn.
Visit in Spring or Autumn: These seasons showcase Kanazawa's gardens in full bloom and vibrant fall colors, making them ideal for photography.
Historical Insights:
Kanazawa thrived under the rule of the Maeda Clan during the Edo period, becoming a cultural rival to Tokyo and Kyoto. Its isolation from major battlefields during World War II helped preserve many of its historical structures, providing a unique look into Japan's cultural and architectural past.
10. Kobe
Kobe, nestled between the Rokko Mountain range and the coast, is one best cities to visit in Japan, known for its cosmopolitan atmosphere and gourmet cuisine, including the world-famous Kobe beef. Its port was one of the first to be opened to foreign trade in the 19th century, which has greatly influenced the city’s architecture and international culture.
Why You Should Visit:
Kobe is an ideal mix of beautiful natural scenery, urban sophistication, and culinary excellence. It offers an eclectic mix of modern architecture, influenced by various cultures, alongside traditional Japanese experiences.
Best Places to Visit:
Kobe Harborland: A vibrant waterfront area with shopping, dining, and entertainment options, including the iconic Kobe Port Tower.
Kitano-cho: A district filled with historic Western-style houses built by foreign merchants during the late 19th century.
Nunobiki Herb Garden: Accessible by ropeway, this garden offers stunning views of Kobe and is especially beautiful during illumination events.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Kobe's varied attractions make it suitable for both families and couples. The city's ropeways, gardens, and animal parks are great for children, while couples can enjoy romantic evening walks along the harbor and indulge in fine dining experiences.
Travel Tips:
Try Kobe Beef: Dining on authentic Kobe beef is a must; explore both high-end and more affordable options.
Transportation: The Kobe City Loop Bus is convenient for visiting major tourist sites.
Earthquake Memorial: Visit the Earthquake Memorial Museum to understand the city’s resilience and recovery from the 1995 disaster.
Historical Insights:
Kobe’s history as a key port city opened to international trade in 1868 under the Treaty of Amity and Commerce has left a lasting impact on its culture and architecture. The city's diverse population and influx of foreign influences created a unique blend of Japanese and Western cultures, visible in its architecture, fashion, and culinary scenes. This openness contributed significantly to Kobe's rapid growth and enduring international appeal.
11. Yokohama
Yokohama, just half an hour south of Tokyo, is Japan's second-largest city by population and one of the best cities to visit for its vibrant waterfront, cultural diversity, and historical significance. Originally a small fishing village, it transformed into a major port city after opening to foreign trade in 1859, which has significantly influenced its cultural and architectural landscape.
Why You Should Visit:
Yokohama is a showcase of how Japan has merged international influences with its own traditions. The city is famous for its beautiful harbor area, expansive Chinatown (the largest in Japan), and innovative buildings like the Minato Mirai district, making it a fascinating destination for both cultural enthusiasts and those seeking leisure activities.
Best Places to Visit:
Minato Mirai: A seaside urban area with shopping, museums, and futuristic attractions.
Yokohama Chinatown: Explore a plethora of authentic Chinese restaurants, shops, and colorful temples.
Sankeien Garden: A traditional Japanese garden that houses historical buildings from across Japan.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Yokohama is highly accommodating for both families and couples with its mix of parks, museums, and romantic waterfront areas. Families will enjoy attractions like the Cosmo World amusement park and the Cup Noodles Museum, while couples can relish the scenic night views from Osanbashi Pier.
Travel Tips:
Yokohama Bay Cruise: Take a cruise around the bay for spectacular city views.
Cultural Festivals: Check the city's calendar for events and festivals, particularly in Chinatown.
Transportation: Use the Minatomirai Line for easy access to most tourist destinations.
Historical Insights:
Yokohama's history as one of the first ports opened to foreign trade has endowed it with a rich cultural heritage and a cosmopolitan flair not found in many other Japanese cities. The influence from foreign settlers can be seen in the Western-style buildings in the Yamate area and the development of its famous Chinatown.
12. Nikko
One of the best cities to visit in Japan, Nikko, nestled in the mountains of Tochigi Prefecture, is revered for its breathtaking landscapes, ancient temples, and Shinto shrines, including the opulent Toshogu Shrine, which is dedicated to Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Why You Should Visit:
Nikko is a spiritual and historical hub that offers a tranquil escape from Japan’s bustling urban centers. Its rich spiritual heritage, combined with its stunning natural scenery, including waterfalls, lakes, and hot springs, makes it an ideal destination for those seeking both cultural depth and natural beauty.
Best Places to Visit:
Toshogu Shrine: A UNESCO World Heritage site, famous for its intricate carvings, including the "hear no evil, see no evil, speak no evil" monkeys.
Kegon Falls: One of Japan’s highest and most beautiful waterfalls, accessible by a short hike or an elevator.
Lake Chuzenji: A scenic lake in the mountains above Nikko, perfect for leisurely boat rides and lakeside walks.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Nikko is excellent for both families and couples, with plenty of activities suited for children like nature walks and historical storytelling sessions, while couples can enjoy the romantic landscapes and cozy ryokan stays.
Travel Tips:
Nikko Pass: Purchase this pass for unlimited transportation in the area and discounts on attractions.
Dress Accordingly: Weather can change rapidly in the mountains, so bring layers.
Timing Your Visit: Autumn is particularly spectacular in Nikko due to the vibrant fall colors.
Historical Insights:
Nikko has been a center of Shinto and Buddhist mountain worship for many centuries, with many of its temples and shrines dating back to the 8th century. The area became particularly significant in the 17th century when Toshogu Shrine was built to enshrine Tokugawa Ieyasu, turning Nikko into a place of pilgrimage and adding a significant layer of cultural and historical importance.
13. Hakone
Hakone is celebrated for its scenic vistas, hot springs, and art museums, nestled in the mountainous landscape of Kanagawa Prefecture. This town is a popular retreat for those looking to enjoy natural beauty and therapeutic relaxation, just a short trip from Tokyo.
Why You Should Visit:
Hakone offers an escape into nature with its volcanic lakes, lush forests, and rejuvenating onsen (hot springs). It's an ideal destination for those interested in experiencing Japan's famous hot spring culture while enjoying art and history in a serene setting.
Best Places to Visit:
Hakone Open Air Museum: Integrates impressive sculptures with beautiful landscapes, offering a unique cultural experience outdoors.
Owakudani Valley: Known for its active volcanic zone where visitors can enjoy natural hot springs and view sulfurous fumes.
Lake Ashi: A crater lake with stunning views of Mount Fuji on clear days, perfect for boat cruises.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Hakone is very welcoming to both families and couples. Families will appreciate the pirate ships of Lake Ashi and the Hakone Ropeway, providing exciting views and entertainment for children. Couples will find the romantic landscapes and private hot springs ideal for a peaceful getaway.
Travel Tips:
Hakone Free Pass: Consider buying this pass for unlimited use of most forms of transport in the area.
Stay Overnight: To fully enjoy the onsen experience, stay in a ryokan (traditional inn) overnight.
Weather Considerations: Pack layers as temperatures can drop in the mountains, even in summer.
Historical Insights:
Hakone has a rich history linked to the Tokaido road, the historical highway connecting Tokyo and Kyoto during the Edo period. Many daimyo (feudal lords) and travelers used Hakone as a resting point, enjoying its hot springs after long journeys. Today, it still retains a historical charm with many traditional ryokans and preserved nature trails.
14. Kamakura
Kamakura, once the political center of medieval Japan, is located in Kanagawa Prefecture.
It is one of the best cities to visit in Japan, offering a rich cultural heritage, stunning temples, and beautiful beaches.
This small city, often called the "Kyoto of Eastern Japan," resonates with the history of the samurai and is adorned with numerous historical sites.
Why You Should Visit:
Kamakura is a treasure trove for history buffs and cultural enthusiasts. The city is home to the iconic Great Buddha of Kamakura, dozens of Buddhist Zen temples, and Shinto shrines set against a backdrop of forested hills and sandy beaches.
Best Places to Visit:
Great Buddha (Daibutsu): A massive bronze Buddha statue that is Kamakura’s most famous landmark.
Hasedera Temple: Known for its beautiful views of the coastal city and a stunning statue of Kannon.
Tsurugaoka Hachimangu: A major Shinto shrine that's central to the city’s history and culture.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Kamakura is great for both families and couples with its easy walking trails, sandy beaches, and engaging historical sites that offer fun learning experiences for kids and serene settings for romantic walks.
Travel Tips:
Walking or Cycling: Explore Kamakura’s attractions by bike or on foot to fully appreciate its scenic trails and hidden temples.
Visit Early: Temples often close by 5 pm, so start your day early to maximize your visits.
Seasonal Highlights: Visit in spring for cherry blossoms or in autumn for colorful foliage, both of which Kamakura displays spectacularly.
Historical Insights:
Kamakura's significance as a political powerhouse began in the late 12th century when Minamoto no Yoritomo chose it as the seat for his new military government, establishing the Kamakura shogunate. This period marked the rise of the samurai class and shaped much of the cultural and architectural development of the city, influences that are evident even today.
15. Takayama
Takayama, nestled in the mountainous Hida region of Gifu Prefecture, is famed for its well-preserved Edo period streets, making it a captivating stop for anyone exploring the best cities to visit in Japan. Its remote location has allowed Takayama to maintain a remarkable level of historical preservation and traditional charm.
Why You Should Visit:
Takayama is often referred to as "Little Kyoto" for its historic charm and less crowded, more intimate atmosphere. The city is perfect for those looking to experience a slower pace of life amidst beautiful old-town scenery, with numerous traditional shops, sake breweries, and morning markets.
Best Places to Visit:
Sanmachi Suji: The historic district, featuring beautifully preserved old townhouses and sake breweries.
Hida Folk Village: An open-air museum showcasing traditional thatched-roof houses from the Hida region.
Takayama Jinya: A former government outpost that now serves as a museum, illustrating historical governance during the Edo period.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Takayama is very welcoming to both families and couples. Its interactive museums and folk villages are great for families, while the serene historical settings and romantic mountain views offer a peaceful retreat for couples.
Travel Tips:
Timing Your Visit: Try to visit during the spring or autumn festival to see the city come alive with floats and traditional performances.
Local Cuisine: Don’t miss trying Hida beef, a local specialty that rivals Kobe beef in quality.
Stay in a Ryokan: Enhance your experience by staying in a traditional Japanese inn.
Historical Insights:
Takayama’s historical significance dates back to the Edo period when it was established as a wealthy merchant town due to its valuable timber resources. The city’s isolation helped preserve its unique architecture and cultural practices, which today offer a glimpse into Japan’s past.
16. Matsumoto
Matsumoto, in Nagano Prefecture, is distinguished by its stunning castle, one of Japan's most beautiful and historically important castles, and its proximity to the Japanese Alps, making it an excellent base for outdoor enthusiasts and history buffs alike.
Why You Should Visit:
Matsumoto offers a rich blend of cultural history and natural beauty. Its iconic castle provides a picturesque backdrop for a city that is equally passionate about arts, music, and mountain sports. The surrounding Japanese Alps are perfect for hiking in the summer and skiing in the winter, appealing to adventurers and nature lovers.
Best Places to Visit:
Matsumoto Castle: One of Japan's most complete and beautiful castles, also known as "Crow Castle" due to its black exterior.
Matsumoto City Museum of Art: Home to works by Yayoi Kusama, a native of Matsumoto, as well as other contemporary artists.
Utsukushigahara Open-Air Museum: This museum offers a combination of art and scenic views at 2,000 meters above sea level, making it a unique cultural experience amidst nature.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Matsumoto is great for both families and couples, with activities that cater to all interests. Families will appreciate the educational museums and easy access to nature activities, while couples can enjoy the romantic settings of the castle and nearby natural hot springs.
Travel Tips:
Explore the Outdoors: Take advantage of Matsumoto’s location to explore the nearby Japanese Alps, which offer trails suitable for all skill levels.
Local Food: Sample soba noodles, a regional specialty, particularly renowned in Nagano prefecture.
Transportation: Consider renting a bicycle to explore the city and surrounding areas, as many attractions are spread out.
Historical Insights:
Matsumoto's history is largely centered around Matsumoto Castle, which was built during the Sengoku period, a time of near-constant military conflict. The castle has been well-preserved and serves as a monument to the craftsmanship and military architecture of feudal Japan. Matsumoto also played a significant role during the development of road networks in the Edo period, serving as a strategic post on the route connecting Edo (Tokyo) with the Sea of Japan.
17. Okinawa
Okinawa, the southernmost prefecture of Japan, consists of a group of islands that are distinct from the mainland in terms of culture, climate, and history. Known for its subtropical climate, white sandy beaches, and the longevity of its people, Okinawa offers a unique Japanese experience.
Why You Should Visit:
Okinawa provides a different perspective on Japan. It has a more laid-back atmosphere and is strongly influenced by its own Ryukyuan culture, which includes unique music, dance, and crafts. The islands also boast some of the world’s most beautiful coral reefs and are a haven for divers and snorkelers.
Best Places to Visit:
Shurijo Castle: Although the castle suffered significant damage in a fire in 2019, its grounds and rebuilt portions continue to offer a glimpse into the Ryukyu Kingdom’s grandeur.
Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium: One of the largest aquariums in the world, showcasing massive whale sharks and an extensive array of marine life.
Naha’s Kokusai Dori: The main street in Naha lined with shops, restaurants, and markets selling local goods and foods.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Okinawa is highly family-friendly with attractions like the aquarium and numerous beaches suited for children of all ages. Couples will enjoy the romantic sunsets and luxurious resorts offering private beaches and spa treatments.
Travel Tips:
Rent a Car: Many of Okinawa’s attractions are spread across different parts of the island, making a car rental necessary.
Stay Hydrated: The subtropical climate means it can get quite hot, especially in the summer.
Try Local Specialties: Okinawan cuisine, like Goya Champuru (bitter melon stir-fry) and Okinawa Soba, offers flavors not commonly found in other parts of Japan.
Historical Insights:
Okinawa has a complex history. It was an independent kingdom (the Ryukyu Kingdom) until it was annexed by Japan in the 19th century. Its strategic location made it a crucial site during World War II, particularly during the Battle of Okinawa, which had a profound and lasting impact on the island and its inhabitants. This history has contributed to a distinct Okinawan identity that is celebrated and preserved in its traditions and culture.
18. Kagoshima
Kagoshima, located on the southern tip of Kyushu is also one of the best cities to visit in Japan. This seaside city is often compared to Naples due to its mild climate, scenic bay, and the active Sakurajima volcano, which dominates the city’s skyline. This city is a blend of natural beauty, historical significance, and vibrant modern life.
Why You Should Visit:
Kagoshima offers an intriguing mix of natural attractions and cultural history. The presence of Sakurajima, one of Japan’s most active volcanoes, adds a unique natural backdrop to the city. Kagoshima also has a rich samurai heritage and played a significant role in the Meiji Restoration.
Best Places to Visit:
Sakurajima: An active volcano just a short ferry ride from the city, with walking trails and observation points.
Sengan-en Garden: A beautiful traditional Japanese garden that also includes a historic residence of the Shimazu clan, showcasing local samurai history.
Shiroyama Park: Offers excellent views of the city and Sakurajima, especially at night.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Kagoshima is suited for both families and couples. The natural settings are perfect for family outings, like exploring the volcano or enjoying the city’s parks. Couples will find the scenic landscapes and the historic sites ideal for romantic explorations.
Travel Tips:
Volcano Preparedness: Keep informed about volcanic activity levels if planning to visit Sakurajima.
Local Cuisine: Try Kagoshima’s famous Kurobuta (black pork) for a taste of local flavors.
Transportation: Utilize the city’s tram system for an easy and scenic way to navigate around Kagoshima.
Historical Insights:
Kagoshima’s history is marked by its role during the Meiji Restoration, where local leaders from the Satsuma Domain were instrumental in overthrowing the Tokugawa shogunate and restoring the emperor to power. This legacy is deeply embedded in the city’s culture and is evident in many of its historical sites and museums.
19. Miyajima
Miyajima, officially known as Itsukushima, is a picturesque island in Hiroshima Prefecture, best known for its floating torii gate of Itsukushima Shrine. This iconic sight is not only a profound cultural landmark but also one of Japan's most unforgettable images, contributing to Miyajima’s reputation as one of the best cities to visit in Japan.
Why You Should Visit:
The island offers a blend of stunning natural scenery, rich history, and spiritual depth. Visitors can experience the tranquil beauty of traditional Japan, from its sacred Shinto shrine to the free-roaming deer and lush mountainous landscapes.
Best Places to Visit:
Itsukushima Shrine: Famous for its "floating" torii gate, which appears to stand in the middle of the sea at high tide.
Mount Misen: Offers hiking trails with panoramic views of the Seto Inland Sea.
Daisho-in Temple: A less visited but highly significant Buddhist site with a variety of intriguing religious icons and sculptures.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
Miyajima is an excellent destination for both families and couples. Families can enjoy wildlife and scenic cable car rides, while couples will find the island’s serene beauty ideal for romantic walks and sunset viewings.
Travel Tips:
Timing Your Visit: Check the tide schedules to see the torii gate at both high and low tides—each offers a unique perspective.
Overnight Stay: Consider staying overnight at a ryokan on the island to experience its peaceful atmosphere after day-trippers leave.
Respect Nature: Be mindful of the local wildlife and natural surroundings. Don’t feed the deer or leave trash behind.
Historical Insights:
Miyajima has been a holy site of Shinto since ancient times, believed to be the abode of gods. The island's strict preservation laws maintain its sacredness, prohibiting births and deaths on the island to maintain its purity. This reverence is palpable as you explore the island’s quiet forests and venerable temples.
20. Shirakawa-go
Shirakawa-go, located in the mountainous region of Gifu Prefecture, is renowned for its traditional gassho-zukuri farmhouses, some of which are more than 250 years old. The village's unique architectural style and idyllic setting make it a captivating destination, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Why You Should Visit:
Shirakawa-go is a living museum of traditional Japanese rural life. The village’s dramatic scenery changes with the seasons, from lush green fields in summer to a snowy wonderland in winter, making it a year-round destination for cultural and historical exploration.
Best Places to Visit:
Observation Deck: Provides a panoramic view of the village, perfect for photography.
Wada House: A well-preserved farmhouse that now serves as a museum, offering insights into the historical lifestyle of the region.
Shirakawa Hachiman Shrine: Hosts the annual Doburoku Festival, showcasing local customs and festivities.
Family-Friendly or for Couples?
The tranquility and beauty of Shirakawa-go appeal to both families and couples. Families will appreciate the educational aspect of the traditional houses and customs, while couples can enjoy the village’s romantic, picturesque settings.
Travel Tips:
Plan for the Weather: Be prepared for cold and snow in winter, as the village is known for its heavy snowfall.
Stay in a Farmhouse: For a truly immersive experience, book a night in one of the traditional farmhouses now operating as minshuku (family-run lodgings).
Accessibility: Consider visiting during the weekdays or off-season to avoid the crowds and fully enjoy the serene environment.
Historical Insights:
Shirakawa-go’s architectural style, gassho-zukuri, was developed out of necessity, with steep thatched roofs designed to withstand heavy snowfalls. The village's isolation helped preserve its unique way of life and architecture well into the 20th century, and its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1995 has brought global attention to its cultural and historical value.
FAQs
1. What is the best time of year to visit Japan?
The best time to visit Japan depends on your preferences. Cherry blossom season (late March to early April) is incredibly popular for its stunning scenery, while autumn (late September to November) offers beautiful fall foliage. Summer can be hot and humid, except in northern areas like Hokkaido, and winter is ideal for snow sports and seeing the snow-covered landscapes.
2. How do I navigate public transportation in Japan?
Japan's public transportation system is renowned for its efficiency and coverage. Major cities have extensive subway and bus networks. For intercity travel, the Shinkansen (bullet train) is a fast and convenient option. Purchasing a Japan Rail Pass in advance can save money for extensive travel.
3. Are there any cultural etiquette tips I should know about before visiting Japan?
Yes, there are several key etiquette rules to follow:
Always remove your shoes when entering a home or traditional accommodations like ryokans.
Bowing is a common greeting; the depth and duration of the bow depend on the situation.
Tipping is not customary and can sometimes be considered rude.
Be respectful and quiet on public transportation, and do not use your phone to make calls.
4. Is Japan family-friendly?
Yes, Japan is very family-friendly. It has numerous attractions suitable for children, including theme parks, interactive museums, and cultural experiences that are both fun and educational. Public transportation is reliable and safe, making it easy to travel with children.
5. What are some must-try foods in Japan?
Japan offers a wide array of unique culinary experiences. Some must-tries include sushi, ramen, okonomiyaki, tempura, and local specialties of the region you are visiting. For example, try Hakata Ramen in Fukuoka or Kobe Beef in Kobe.
6. How much time should I spend in each city?
It depends on your interests and the specific city. Major cities like Tokyo and Kyoto have enough attractions to keep visitors engaged for several days. Smaller cities or specific areas like Nara or Hiroshima can be explored thoroughly in a day or two.
7. What should I pack for a trip to Japan?
Pack according to the season you are visiting:
Spring and autumn: Layered clothing, as mornings and evenings can be cool.
Summer: Light clothing, a hat, and sunscreen.
Winter: Warm clothing, especially for regions like Hokkaido.
Regardless of season, bring comfortable walking shoes as you will likely do a lot of walking.
8. Can I use credit cards widely in Japan?
Major cities and tourist spots usually accept credit cards, but it's good to carry some cash as smaller shops, rural areas, and traditional markets often do not accept cards. ATMs in convenience stores and post offices can usually be used to withdraw cash with international cards.
9. Is it safe to travel in Japan?
Japan is one of the safest countries in the world with low crime rates. However, always exercise common sense and awareness of your belongings, especially in crowded areas.
10. How do I respect local traditions and temples?
When visiting temples and shrines, follow posted instructions such as cleansing at purification fountains before entering. Speak quietly and dress modestly. Photography may be restricted in sacred areas, so look for signs or ask if unsure.
Conclusion
Embarking on a journey through the most beautiful cities in Japan is more than just a trip—it's an exploration of a rich tapestry of culture, history, and stunning scenery.
From the northern reaches of Sapporo, with its snowy splendors, to the subtropical shores of Okinawa, each city offers a unique glimpse into Japan's heart and soul.
We hope this guide to the best cities to visit in Japan enriches your travel plans and inspires you to discover each city’s unique charm.
Whether you are a seasoned traveler or a first-time visitor, Japan's cities are poised to offer you a world of discovery.
Safe travels, and enjoy the extraordinary beauty and diversity that Japan has to offer!